The analysis of business environment of TESCO Essay

The investigation of business condition of TESCO - Essay Example Being one of the pioneer the vision of the firm delineates the objective of the organization for example what precisely Tesco needs to accomplish over the long haul and to which bearing the organization is developing its business. The strategic the territory to which the organization needs to work their organizations and the objective client for the organization to serve. The crucial the plan to manufacture their establishment stone on which the organization gadget methodologies and actualize them (Nwagbara, 2011, p.62). The center and principal estimation of Tesco is to deal with the individuals for whom the organization serves for example their clients. The main estimation of the firm is to acquire lifetime dedication of the individuals of the general public and make an incentive for them (Nwagbara, 2011, p.62). The organization has a solid conviction that nobody in the business invests so more energy as Tesco to contact their client and serve them with their requirements (Polytechnic Institute of New York University, 2011, p. 1). The socially capable organization consistently keep up sound connection with the area and continually attempting to satisfy the needs of the clients and be the dependable individual from the general public. Extraordinary nature of item with wide scope of items is the significant bit of leeway of Tesco to keep up its image picture in the market for its center skills. Partner Analysis Stakeholders are people or organizations who has stake in the organization. Financial specialists are the principle drivers of a business. Tesco with its very much administered approaches in business and its practical development in the market offers certainty to the financial specialists to get back serious profit for their speculation for Tesco and their shareholdings. The straightforwardness of the organization is the significant purpose behind structure trust of the organization among the investors. The investors likewise have the conviction on the organization that it will execute methodologies for the drawn out improvement of the organization keeping in the brain the enthusiasm of the investors. Blackrock Inc holds the significant portion of the organization with its 5.48% of gave share capital followed by Legal and General Investment Management Limited with around 3.99 % share and 3.02 % of the all out offer by Berkshire (Tesco Annual Report and Financial Stat ements 2011, 2011, p. 58). By profiting the partners of the organization like investors, staffs, clients and other related individuals the organization keeps up the top notch items and thusly increment the estimation of the firm. The organization continually meet the developing need of the clients with the wide scope of product offering and separate itself from the rivals in the market. The picture building potential and dependability towards the partners encourages the procedure of

Can Kuwait save the GCC Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Would kuwait be able to spare the GCC - Assignment Example The states that cause up the GCC to feel that Qatar isn't respecting its piece of the understanding according to provincial security. In light of this, Bahrain, the UAF and Saudi Arabia have picked to pull back their envoys from the nation (2). The GCC part states are approaching Qatar to respect the November 2013 accord that calls for disavowing the Muslim Brotherhood, significantly limit the development of Iranian agents inside the zone, and stop all benefits delighted in by Sheik Yusef al-Qaradawi, an Egyptian Scholar, to make open communicates (2). In this regard, the GCC part states are mentioning Qatar to forbid Sheik Yusef from making communicates, extreme ties with the Muslim Brotherhood, and quit encouraging the development of those viewed as Iranian agents inside the GCC zone. While the GCC nations feel that Qatar is meddling in the zone’s security matters that are cherished in their understanding and joining understandings, Qatar feels that the transition to pull back ministers by other GCC states from Doha has no connection to do with the steadiness, security and interests of nationals of the GCC (3). Rather it was connected to a distinction suppositions with respect to issues that are outside to the GCC (3). By permitting Iranian agents into the GCC zone, the U.S. furthermore, its subsidiaries will discover cause to extreme ties with GCC part states on the reason that they are supporting Iran’s forceful exercises and position toward creating atomic weapons.

Explaining the Focus Learners Use of Communication How does the Assignment

Clarifying the Focus Learners Use of Communication How does the teacher dissect understudies utilization of language to grow con - Assignment Example So as to accomplish this, competitors must be conceded the chance to fulfill the fundamental prerequisites in the edTPA handbook for their predetermined subject. Besides, the applicants ought to be answerable for arranging and evaluation during the edTPA preparing; present video accounts and complete the edTPA inside the predefined time allotment. The edTPA influences tutor instructors, educator readiness projects, and instructor competitors. Educator up-and-comers are influenced by edTPA as in the process is proposed to ingrain trust in up-and-comer instructors while simultaneously increasing speed the procedure of viable educating. Information and proof is utilized by the instructor readiness programs with points of centering experience and study hall execution. In favor of coach educators, the procedure realizes a feeling of shared proprietorship while focusing on the understudy showing experience results. The edTPA is an extremely accommodating procedure that encourages instructors to evaluate students. The experience picked up from the procedure isn't just material in homerooms yet additionally in the outside world to study and help uncommon students and

Grant Proposal Example from Paper Writing Service

Grant Proposal Example from Paper Writing Service Grant Proposal Example from Paper Writing Service The federal government offers several forms of financial aid for the aspiring students who want to study further or want to research on a particular topic or subject. The student only needs to find which grant is applicable to him and work towards presenting a grant proposal by studying scientific grant proposal example. Online service providers offer grant proposal examples on almost all subjects. Grant proposal examples will help one to evaluate the structure of a proposal. Example of a grant proposal will help us to understand the topics that need to be stressed upon, while writing a proposal. Science grant proposal example will highlight the presentation of scientific data and structures within the grant proposal. Example of a grant proposal gives the first time writer an overview of how to handle a grant proposal. Grant proposal examples can be found in the archives of several of the agencies at the university or in the database of web-based grant proposal writing service providers. Scientific Grant Proposal Example to Help You with Writing Grant proposal example that fits your requirement can be forwarded to the website. You could request them to follow the exact format and tweak the contents to personalize the document. Another way would be to check out the grant proposal example available at the database of the website or search through different sources of grant proposals example to select the topic you would want to write on. The grant proposal example website would work similar to a search engine and list the top-ranking service providers who would offer to write a grant proposal example, based on which you could ask them to write the whole grant proposal. The grant proposal example website service providers would offer to write the grant proposal example for a competitive price and free of security risks. The quality and technical details of grant proposal example are original and have the stamp of an article written by a subject matter expert. The most popular one is NIH grant proposal National Institute of Health grant proposal. Example of a Science Grant Proposal One only needs to find the right website which can customize your grant proposal to achieve the high scores and grades that you so badly want to get maximum credits for the course.

The Effects Of Income Inequality For Educated Women

The Effects of Income Inequality for Educated Women Income is a necessity that millions of men and women rely on. While advances in technology continue to develop, the need for educated workers is expected to increase as well. Because of this, the belief that a college education will ensure a well-paying job and a life of success is still a motivating factor for many students. But what if perusing a degree in order to obtain these positions meant that you still earn less than your male counterpart? Although this situation may seem unreal to many, millions of educated women experience an unjustified wage gap in the United States. While income does change with advances in education such as earning a masters or doctoral degree, wage†¦show more content†¦As time progressed, limitations on what types of occupations women could fulfill reflected this as many of them held positions that were similar to household duties. Such duties included child care, nursing, and teaching. With m any advancing roles, the rate at which women were paid remained predominantly low, as reported â€Å"After the Equal Pay Act was signed into law, full-time women workers still earned less than 70 cents for every dollar earned by men,† (Kessler 3) this caused many women to rely on marriage as form of support as they attempted to avoid poverty. Even as education became a society norm, many universities denied admittance to women, and those who were fortunate to earn a degree were faced with the impossible task of finding a job. Questioning a women’s capability is a consequence that is rooted from years of oppression. While many positions have raised the income for them, the rate at which women are paid has historically remained a fraction of a man’s wage. In today’s era, a college education provides an immense opportunity to study what one desires. While there are many majors that one can pursue, many of them remain dominated by men. 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How I Read Music Like A Pro - 7017 Words

Music 101: How to Read Music like a PRO in 24 hours By Jean Rhoda Nambassa Copyright ? 2015 Introduction. Musical notes are a language that has evolved over thousands of years and the notation that we know today, there are more than 300 years. Music notation is a representation of sound by symbols of a simple notation for pitch, length and timing to more advanced features of expression, timbre, and even special effects. This book will show you the basics of reading music, some more advanced methods and how you can learn more about the subject. This guide focuses on musical notations and symbols found on sheet music; note counts, accidentals, time signatures, key signatures, breaks, codas, ornaments, and articulations, to mention a few. This guide will also include pictures and simplified definitions to make it easier for you to understand. Modern musical notation was derived from European Classical music and is still used by musicians around the world. In the middle of the 19th century, it was said that the monasteries in Europe began developing notations for Gregorian chant using neumes* or the earliest musical notation. The roots of modern musical notation symbols are originally from the Roman Catholic Church. Neumes These were the earliest form of musical notation, used during the middle ages by Christians, which are still being used for Gregorian chants and plainsongs (or plainchants) nowadays. Quick Trivia ?Did you know that the earliest form of musicalShow MoreRelatedHow The Piano Is Put Off By The Idea Of Spending Long, Boring Hours Learning Music Notes1156 Words   |  5 PagesMany people who want to learn to play the piano are put off by the idea of spending long, boring hours learning music notes. If you are serious about learning to play the piano, the first thing you will need to do is put those negative thoughts behind and start with an open mind. 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School Lunches Essay Example For Students

School Lunches Essay A visit to a school lunchroom at noon would quickly dispel any preconceived view of how lunch goes down in children. Most youngsters will dive for the cookies first eat a bite or two out of the sandwich and the apple, throw away the rest, and turn to the serious business of snack foods. There are approximately 25 million children in 93,000 schools who receive breakfast and lunch through the school cafeteria. Although research has shown that eating healthy at an early age helps youngsters develop good eating habits, these lunches and breakfasts are loaded with fat, sodium, sugar and are low in fiber. ?A nutritious diet will positively affect the performance of a student work? (Sherman 18). Nutrition is the process by which a living being takes food and supplies it as nourishment to live and grow properly. The government needs to realize that good nutrition and nutrition education are two essential ingredients in a school health program and in education. Beatrice Trum Hunter in her art icle ?Upgrading School Lunches? says that the Federal government set up the National School Lunch Program in 1946 and later the school breakfast program. ?The reasons for this is, there was a growing surplus of certain subsidized agricultural products and many children in the country were going through theentire day without sufficient nutrition? (Hunter 146-147). According to Barbara Meeks dietitian at Warren Local Schools, during War World II soldiers were so malnourished the National Government decided that children were not being properly educated and nourished. The government started the commodities service so that young soldiers would be in better health to fight in wars (Meeks). The programs were administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). While the National Institute of Health, tells people to avoid fats and cholesterol, the U.S. Department of Agriculture feeds kids eggs, cheese and fatty sausages for breakfast. Through this program, the government bought a sur plus of meat, cheese, milk, and butter from farmers (McCarty 22). They provided these products free to school districts. However, even in its founding, these programs offered children foods that were high in fat and cholesterol (McCarty 22). These commodities are not necessarily based on childrens nutritional needs. ?The fact is, school lunches are more a matter of politics than of commonsense? (Krizmanic 98). The school lunch and breakfast program supplies sufficient nutrients to children who might otherwise not getting enough food at home. The program menu reads like a fast-food restaurant containing such things as cheeseburgers, pizza, hot dogs, and Whole milk, which are all high in cholesterol and fat (Pratt 3). A non-nutritious diet has fostered a multitude of health problems in school age children. ?The obesity rate among school age children has doubled in the last 10 years? (Sherman 18). ?In a recent USDA report it reveals that school meals have 85 percent more sodium, 50 percent more saturated fat and 25 percent more fat in all, based on the departments recommendation for a healthy diet? (?Why? 28). ?Of 545 schools surveyed only one meets the governments guideline for keeping saturated fat under 10 percent? (Bricklin 48). ?A typical school lunch contains about 35-40 percent of calories from fat, relying to much on meat and animal based foods (Cornell). ?The school menu is a management tool which has a major role in controlling the compliance the compliance of federal regulations, nutrient content, meal acceptability, food and labor cost, food purchasing, food production, equipment use and needs, and the employee training needs? (Menu 12). Planning a successful menu requires several areas of knowledge such as the goals, requirements and recommendations of the breakfast and lunch programs, food costs, what foods are available, students food preferences, food preparation and a meal that will be well accepted by the school-age customer being served (?Menu? 5). It is required that students be offered all five food items of the meal. When approved by the local school food authority students are allowed to choose three to four food items within the lunch pattern. Because school food service plays such an important role in the health and nutrition education of children, cafeterias are encouraged to reduce fat, sugar, and salt in school meals to the extent that is acceptable (?Menu? 4). However, cholesterol and fat are essential for a healthy body metabolism, particularly during periods of active growth and development, when energy needs are high (Kowalski 29). Cholesterol, a waxy chemical that is manufactured in the liver, is essential for the bodys proper functioning (Kowalski 29). It helps build new cells and repair old ones. It acts as a building block for the brain, nerves, internal organs, and several hormones found naturally in the human body (Kowalski 30). Women as Leaders EssayThe U.S. Department of Agriculture has issued a new food pyramid to guide school classrooms and cafeterias to nutritional daily food choices. ?Starting with plenty of breads, cereals, rice, and pasta, vegetables, fruits, two to three servings from the dairy group and meat group provides some, but not all of the nutrients you need (?Menu? 9). No one food group is more important than another. Good health requires them all. Nutritional education also develops critical thinking skills. This skill provides support for all nutritional information and assists individuals in making appropriate food choices. Good nutrition is a critical component of overall wellness(?Center?). It improves childrens nutritional status and helps to increase their overall physical, mental, and developmental health. It will improve school performance and overall cognitive development. Eating healthy early on, helps children develop good habits that will stick with them and undoubtedly lowe r their risk of heart disease in the long run(Kowalski 29). In the short run, a nutritious diet will positively affect performance in school work. To meet the requirements of the National School Lunch Program, a school lunch must contain a specified quantity of each of the food components such as meat or meat alternate, vegetable or fruit, bread or grain, and milk (?Menu? 12). The current pattern of food based menus for school lunches has changed from the past. The meat requirement was three ounces, but now is two. Fruit and vegetable requirements have raised from ? cups to one cup, the bread and grain requirements changed from eight servings per week to 12 to 15 servings per week and a minimum of one serving per day (?Menu? 14). Students claim that school lunches are lukewarm, tasteless, and soggy (Sherman 18). The government needs to recognize the importance of providing high quality foods that promotes health in both the short and long term. ?Today the National School Lunch Program is an atherogenic atrocity, contributing to future heart disease? (?Menu? 6). The educational system needs to modify fat, sodium, cholesterol, and sugar levels in the commodities donated to the schools for lunches and to teach students good nutrition in the classroom. The menu is the focal point of the school lunch and breakfast programs. It is the basis to have ultimate satisfaction of students appetites. AbstractSchool lunches and breakfasts have been in schools since 1946 when the National School Lunch Act was established. The program was started to ensure the safeguard of the health and well being of children. It was designed for the means of three things: to provide nutritious and reasonably priced lunches to school childre n, contributes to a better understanding of good nutrition, and teaches good food habits. The school food service has become a basic part of the nations schools. The national government needs to realize the importance of school meals and what they contribute to children. BibliographyWorks CitedBricklin, Mark. ?Fixing the School Lunch Crisis.? Prevention (April 1994): 47-48. Brus, Brian. ?Free Lunches Offer Chance for Problems.? The Daily Oklahoma July 5, 1995: 1. Cornell University. ?New School Lunches.? Healthwise September 14, 1996. Florida Center for Technology in Physical Activity. ?School Nutrition Coalition.? Internet. ?Healthier School Lunches.? Parents Magazine. August 1994: 24. Hunter, Beatrice Trum. ?Upgrading School Lunches. ?Consumers? Research? October 1996. ?Is School Nutrition Out to Lunch Education Digest. November 1993: 54-56. Kowalski, Robert E. Cholesterol and Children. New York 1988: 27-32Krizmanic, Judy. Going Vegetarian. New York 1994: 13-42. Meek, Barbara. Personal Interview. 4 March 1997?Menu Planning Guide for School food Service?, Program Aid No. 1260: 4-16McCarty, Colman. ?The School Lunch Program.? Surviving at School: 22; 44-46 Pratt, Steve. ?Ready or Not, Schools Have to Adapt to New Lunch Guidelines.? Chicago Tribune August 23, 1995: 3. Sherman, Heidi. ?Healthy School Lunches.? Sassy November 1996: 18. ?The struggle to Make School Lunches Nutritious.? Education Digest October 1988: 55-58. Thompson, Courtenay. ?Cafeteria Cuisine.? The Oregonian November 1995: BO2. ?Why is Everyone Griping About School Lunches Current Health 2 January 1995: 27-29. Williams, Debbie. Personal Interview. 1 March 1997. Education Essays

Movie Summary The Shawshank Convention Essay Example

Movie Summary The Shawshank Convention Essay The Film ‘The Shawshank Redemption’ (1994) directed by Frank Darabont is about a mans journey from being falsely convicted of murder to escaping through a drain pipe. One incident in the film where TommyWilliams is murdered causes the attitude of the main character, Andy, to drastically change. The turn of events in the film causes Andy to lose hope and take the significant step of escaping the prison. Tommy Williams is a fellow prisoner who joins Andy in Shawshank deep into Andy’s sentence. Coincidentally he is also the one and only person aware of Andy’s innocence in the crime he is wrongfully convicted for.As expected after learning of this Andy immediately confronts Warden Norton in the hope of being released as new evidence has come to light, giving Andy hope. However, Andy is instantly shot down by the Warden, who seeks to continue exploiting Andy’s skills in handling and making his money. As Andy refutes the explanation the Warden gives on why Tommy testifying will not help, he is sentenced to a month in the â€Å"hole,† where darkness surrounds the flesh and light escapes each and every corner of the room. Acting on impulse, the Warden then orders Captain Hadley to execute Tommy in case if any issues were to arise shortly. The actions the Warden takes in the film are similar to what humans do to the present day. For our selfish and personal desi res we may sometimes be very inconsiderate of others and how our choices affect them, be it for money, fame and happiness and in the modern society selfishness can be hidden in all form of our lives from work to play. Darabont shows this ideal through the Wardens exploitation of Andy. We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Summary The Shawshank Convention specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Summary The Shawshank Convention specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Summary The Shawshank Convention specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Andy is released from the â€Å"hole† after an extended sentence due to him confronting the Wardens decision once again. He comes to learn that Tommy was killed, and the remaining hope left in him is shattered into pieces. Andy’s attitude is now portrayed to be distant and dull by the use of

John Proctor in The Crucible Essay Example

John Proctor in The Crucible Essay Example John Proctor in The Crucible Paper John Proctor in The Crucible Paper Essay Topic: The Crucible Arthur Miller was born on October 1915 in New York City. His Family came from Austria and immigrated to America. The 1929 stock market crash, and the economic depression that followed it, ruined the family business so that when the young Miller graduated high school there was no money to send him away to University. So instead, he took various jobs to earn money, including two years at a shipping clerk in an automobile- parts warehouse in Manhattan. He applied to the university of Michigan in 1934 where he studied history and economics, but also taking a course in journalism and playwriting. Arthur Miller has written many successful plays in his lifetime, including All My Sons which opened in 1947 and ran 328 performances on stage. Arthur Miller was inspired to write The Crucible by reading a copy of Marion Starkeys book The Devil in Massachusetts. He believed that The Crucible had relevance to the time the play was written. He believed that the American government was on a witch-hunt to destroy communism because they were scared of the power countries in Asia and the USSR had, which is like the people in Salem, who felt they had to hang witches, because they were scared of the power witches may have. The Crucible is about the true story, of The Salem Witchcraft Trials. This began when a group of adolescent girls did some amateur dabbling in the supernatural in Massachusetts in 1692. The result of the witchcraft trials, ended up with the jails full and 20 people hanged. The inhabitants of Salem believed that the bible had instructed them that all witches should be hanged. The girls included a West Indian slave, Tituba, with her spells and beliefs. Betty Parris, the daughter of the minister, started to behave like a child possessed, lying in a trance and sometimes crawling around like an animal with her cousin, Abigail Williams. This behavior was probably what people would call psychosomatic but in seventeenth- century Salem, the only explanation was that the children were possessed by the Devil. In court the girls were in hysteria as they discovered their power in naming innocent people as accomplices of the Devil. No one could argue with their accusation because the only witnesses to witchcraft were the girls. The only way for someone accused of witchcraft to keep their life, was to make a confession. In naming people, the girls were probably projecting their own guilt on the innocent. One such innocent was Elizabeth Proctor, (John Proctors wife) who was accused by her former maid, Abigail Williams. John Proctor, the main character, called on to denounce his wife, his friends and neighbors and finally himself, he goes through an ordeal by conscience, eventually accepting his own death than make a false confession. When Miller wrote The Crucible, he portrayed John Proctor as a hardworking farmer in his middle thirties. He was even- tempered, with a mind of his own. The character John Proctor is first mentioned to the audience when he is mentioned by Betty Parris in act one, in Reverend Parriss house, when she wakes form her coma like state. Abigail Williams and the others girls are around Betty, talking, about when the groups of girls including themselves were dancing in the woods around a bonfire. Abigail tells Betty that she had told her uncle (Reverend Parris, Bettys Father) all about them dancing, but Betty reveals to the audience that Abigail did more than dance; Betty: You did, you did! You drank a charm to kill John Proctors wife! You drank a charm to kill Goody Proctor! This would give the impression to the audience that John Proctor is a popular man, and Abigail may have a crush on him. John Proctor then enters the room and Mary Warren his servant leaps in fright, this would have given an audience the impression that Proctor is quite strict and frightening. Mary: Oh! Im just going home, Mr. Proctor. John Proctors first line is Proctor: Be you foolish Mary Warren? Be you deaf? I forbid you leave the house, did I not? Why shall I pay you? I am looking for you more often than my cows! This gives the dramatic impression that John Proctor is quite harsh and strict. When the other girls leave Proctor and Abigail start talking, Abigail is flirting with Proctor, she says John- I am waiting for you every night. However he replies with Abby I never give you hope to wait for me This shows that Proctor is the one who is trying to end the affair with Abigail, because he knows he has a family. When the girls are blamed from worshiping the Devil Abigail quickly blames Tituba, the West- Indian slave. Parris, goody Putnam and Hale question and threaten Tituba and she begins to name witches. Abigail and the other girls join in the naming. Tituba confesses because of the threats from Parris. You will confess yourself or I will take you out and whip you to death, Tituba! Tituba feared for her life so felt she had to confess.

Marketing Oriented Approach Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing Oriented Approach - Essay Example To this end it is useful to compare and contrast between firms that lie at two ends of the spectrum: the marketing oriented firms versus the production oriented. A marketing oriented approach is a ‘reactive’ approach in that companies produce new products/services based on customer needs and wants (Kotler, 2007). However, it goes further than that in that it aims to establish long term profitable relationships with the customer (Jeff, 2009). The aim of such firms is not just delivering a product has profitable customer demand but also establishing long term association with them by exceptional customer service. Such service may be in the form of superior after sales service and/or consultation services provided by salespeople (Jeff, 2009). Kotler elaborates on the concept of marketing orientation by claiming that holistic marketing orientation is essentially a process that enables companies to capture customer lifetime value. The concept of building long lasting relation ships with customers enhances the company’s ability to understand the customer and retain him for a lifetime. Thus, the Pareto rule that 20% customers bring in 80% of the revenue is very well recognized by this approach which aims at capturing a customer and retaining him for life. Companies that therefore drifted away from the idea of offering low prices towards offering a brand experience. Today’s customer is no longer price conscious; infact, contemporary trends have made the customer of today pressed for time with multiple claims on an individual’s scarce time. Hence, convenience and satisfaction is the need of the hour. Thus, rather than competing on cost, companies today are competing on attempts to provide a pleasurable brand experience to its customers. On the other hand, the production oriented approach is a ‘proactive’ approach in that the company first produces the product/service that is most feasible for the company in terms of its comp etitive priorities (cost, quality, delivery, flexibility) and then makes an effort to sell it to the customers. Thus, production oriented firms are inclined towards mass production of goods that they are able to produce at the lowest cost due of economies of scale (Jeff, 2009). Perhaps, an obvious difference then is that companies adopting marketing oriented approach are able to offer differentiated, innovative and unique products as opposed to production oriented firms that offer standardized, low cost items at several locations (Jeff, 2009). Hence, the fundamental difference between the two is that in the former the ‘customer’ is the driving force behind a new product whereas in the latter, the ‘company’ is the driving force. Furthermore, in production oriented companies the role of the sales force also changes; from that of prior consultation to ‘pushing’ the product to the customer once it’s produced (Jeff, 2009). Hence, the marketin g oriented companies adopt what is known as a ‘pull’ strategy (that is having the customer buy the product he/she wants) as opposed to the ‘push’ strategy of production oriented firms (that push the product it develops based on low costs to the customer) (Kotler, 2007). Although both have successfully co-existed since a long time, it has been realized that most successful

Legal Aspects of Business - Law of Contract Assignment

Legal Aspects of Business - Law of Contract - Assignment Example The first and foremost thing essential for the formation of an agreement and then a contract is an offer. Offer indicates one’s willingness to do something or abstain from doing something with an intention to obtain the assent of the other. This proposal is meant for entering into a legally binding agreement. Acceptance means the approval of the other party to whom the offer has been made. In the given assignment, John is the ‘offeror’ and Kathryn is the acceptor. The offer of John to sell a brand I-Mobile for â‚ ¬300 was accepted by Kathryn though with certain changes in the actual offer. Another essential element of a valid agreement and contract is the proper communication regarding offer and acceptance. As Miller and Gentz (2010, 208) point out, two parties can enter into an agreement only through the communication of the proposal or offer and its acceptance. Such a proposal made by one party to the other is called an offer. Once the other party to whom the offer is given accepts it, it becomes a promise. Acceptance is the consent of the other party to the invitation of the first party to do something or abstain from doing something (ibid). An assent or consent to the offer is termed as an acceptance. To make the communication of offer and acceptance more meaningful, the parties in a contract must have agreed upon the subject matter of the contract in the same sense and in the same manner (ibid). A mere mental resolve on the part of the offeree to accept the offer does not amount to acceptance due to lack of manifestation of the intension to do so. There should be an oral or written communication between the offeror and the acceptor regarding the acceptance or denial of the same. Here, no such offer has been made by John to Kathryn. What John has made is just a statement that he is ready to sell his last year model mobile phone

Terrorist Behavior Essay Example for Free

Terrorist Behavior Essay After reading the article on â€Å"A Look at Terrorist Behavior† I found out some very interesting details on how they plan, prepare and also where they would strike. After reading the article I learned about approximately how close to a target a terrorist would likely live. A recent study shows that most terrorist lives closer to their target of choice. By being so close to their target they would learn and gather information quickly in aiding them to accomplish their mission. They would also end up studying a target for months or even years. According to analysis on terrorist residence to target of all groups around 44% of them live within 30 miles of their required target. There are four types of terrorist groups international, right wing, environmental and left wing groups. However since there are different types of terrorist groups they are different. For example international terrorist mostly lived closer to their targets, when right wing terrorist live in rural areas and would selecting targets in nearby cities. Terrorist mostly use a lot of surveillance and intelligence to help them aide in founding for their group. Most terrorist would stay close to their homes because of new immigration status and sometimes the lack of transportation. Terrorist living in urban areas are most likely would avoid attention. They are known as â€Å"lone wolves† they would target locally much uncoordinated violence such as anti-abortion extremists. Among a single-issue terrorist 77% of preparatory acts usually occurred within 12 miles and 92% occurred within 28 miles of their target. There are about a half of environmental terrorist’s acts only three fifths of them live roughly about 30 miles of their target. 5% of environmental terrorist and 59% international terrorist prepared for their target within 30 miles. Terrorist also conduct robberies, burglaries and thefts further away about an average of 429 miles from their homes. Running Head: Terrorist Behavior. As for law enforcement the implications of finding out about the proximity and preparation and time of a terrorist attack are very significant. With the help of early intelligence this can help law enforcement a lot of time to stop terrorist before an attack. Such Intel will also help local officials to respond rapidly. Law enforcement official must understand that most terrorist act locally and it’s important to know how to conduct a proper investigation method to seek and help prevent terrorism and also arrest perpetrators. Having a local pattern can be more efficiently in patrolling of high-risk target areas and gather enough Intel on suspected terrorist actions. Law enforcement officials will continue to understand and learn the relationship and the locations of terrorists preparation activities and their target of choice will help boost the knowledge and should help officers prevent and respond quickly to a terrorist attacks. Another way for local police to successfully meet the challenges posed by terrorism would be a time-tested approach that emphasizes prevention must converge with new ones that focus on prediction. Local police must also add critical elements of speed, resources, and numbers to any situation when necessary. They must be able to deploy rapidly and can quickly get more forces if needed. Homeland security must be ready at all times for any terrorist acts and threats. Overall I think if our homeland security along with local police train more and learn how terrorist operates I think our country would be safe somehow from a terrorists attack.

Honor in Thorstein The Staff-Struck :: Thorstein Staff-Struck

Honor in Thorstein The Staff-Struck    Honor is something that is earned, but it must also be defended in order to be upheld in the eyes of all.   In â€Å"Thorstein The Staff-Struck† one’s respect is based on their honor alone. Honor is the essence of a life worth living. In this story, a life without honor means that the life is worthless. Death is better than having no honor. Men will easily give their lives without second thought to earn, and protect it. Honor’s role in â€Å"Thorstein the Staff-Struck† takes on several roles, but all of them are to achieve one common goal. The various roles take on the common goal of achieving honor itself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thorstein’s nick-name â€Å"the Staff-Struck† is a strain on his honor because his masculinity is being questioned after his first bout with Thord. Thorstein’s first reaction to the blow to his head by Thord’s staff   is not thought of as being honorable. He didn’t respond in a way that would defend his honor. He needed to stand up for himself to accomplish that trying task.. His response to Thord’s   blow was thought of as a cowards response. That meant his honor had been shamed by his own action, or lack of the correct actions. After that, Thorstein’s integrity was belittled in the eyes of others. One’s honor lies not only in the eyes of one’s self, but also in the words, and eyes of all present, and around. Thorstein had to avenge his honor in the eyes of the spectators for himself. Thorstein’s father prompted his vengeance though. Thorstein could not simply sit back, and be humiliated by his own father. That was just too much for him to deal with, nor did he want to try. He knew he must honor his father by bringing, and restoring honor to himself. His response, although late, was honorable. Timing is a crucial part of vengeance in this story though. Bijarni, the ruler of Hof, had a different role in society, but his honor   was still of great importance. Bijarni’s honor was questioned by his servants, his wife, and others because they felt his reverence had been stained by Thorstein. His lack of action against Thorstein made him weak in the eyes of others. He had been challenged, but he had not yet accepted the challenge. When honor is seen as challenged there must be action taken or soundness will be questioned. Thorhall and Thorvald questioned Bijarni’s honor in gossip, and in rumor. Bijarni then instructed the two to leave, and return with Thorstein’s head, as he can not stand by while his servants

Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals Essay

1. Visit the websites of companies like Wal-Mart, Dell and Home Depot, and see if you can find discussions of their supply chain management activities. List information you can find on purchasing/supplier issues, logistics, information systems, quality and customer service. Purchasing/supplier issues: Wal-Mart always emphasized the need to reduce its purchasing costs and offer the best price to its customers. The company procured goods directly from manufacturers, bypassing all intermediaries. Wal-Mart was a tough negotiator on prices and finalized a purchase deal only when it was fully confident that the products being bought were not available elsewhere at a lower price. Wal-Mart spent a significant amount of time meeting vendors and understanding their cost structure. By making the process transparent, the retailer could be certain that the manufacturers were doing their best to cut down costs. Once satisfied, Wal-Mart believed in establishing a long-term relationship with the vendor. In its attempt to drive hard bargains, Wal-Mart did not even spare big manufacturers like Procter & Gamble. However, the company, generally, preferred local and regional vendors and suppliers. Logistics: An important feature of Wal-Mart’s logistics infrastructure was its fast and responsive transportation system. Wal-Mart maintained a strict vigil over its drivers by keeping a record of their activities through the â€Å"Private Fleet Driver Handbook†. The purpose of the book was to educate the drivers with regard to the code of conduct. Non-compliance to the hand book would result in the termination of the driver. To make its distribution process more efficient, Wal-Mart also made use of a logistics technique known as ‘cross docking’. In this system, the finished goods were directly supplied to the customers. The system reduced the handling and storage of finished goods, virtually eliminating the role of the distribution centers and stores. Information Systems: Wal-Mart invested heavily in IT and communications systems to effectively track sales and merchandise inventories in stores across the country. With the rapid expansion of Wal-Mart stores in the US, it was essential to have a good communication system. Wal-Mart set up its own satellite communication system in 1983. They were able to reduce unproductive inventory by allowing stores to manage their own stocks, reducing pack sizes across many product categories, and timely price markdowns. Instead of cutting inventory across the board, Wal-Mart made full use of its IT capabilities to make more inventories available in the case of items that customers wanted most, while reducing the overall inventory levels. The order management and store replenishment of goods were entirely executed with the help of computers through the Point-of –Sales (POS) system. Through this system it was possible to monitor and track the sales and merchandise stock levels on the store shelves. Quality and Customer Service: When Sam Walton started Wal-Mart in 1962, he felt that each Wal-Mart needed to reflect the vision of the community and the values of each customer. This way of doing business became the Wal-Mart organizational culture. Organizational culture is what a company values and this value reflects on how companies conduct their business. According to Time magazine’s website, Sam Walton believed that if you work toward excellence and show passion with your work, you will gain a loyal customer base. Wal-Mart trains employees on how to problem solve and develops each employee to focus on pleasing the customer. The slogan of â€Å"satisfaction guaranteed† is something that Wal-Mart says it takes seriously. Wal-Mart says it trains employees to ask customers if they need assistance or tutorials on how a particular product functions. Another function of Wal-Mart customer strategies is having greeters at the door of every store. Wal-Mart management feel that if customers are greeted by a friendly face, this enhances their shopping experience. Wal-Mart says it spends time and money on its employees to ensure that the philosophy of Sam Walton is instilled into each new employee. According to the Wal-Mart website, Wal-Mart trains its employees on excellent customer skills. Wal-Mart believes that if customers gets what they want at a good price, this will keep them coming back to the store. 2. Search on the term supply chain management. How many hits did you get? Describe five of the websites found in your search. How many hits?- only 247,000,000 5 of the websites–What is Supply Chain Management? Describing what supply chain management is. — The hot new M.B.A.: Supply-Chain Management. Goes into how universities have recently introduced undergraduate majors for supply chain management. — Council of Supply Chain management Professionals: Homepage. They provide education, research, connections for supply chain management. — Module 1: What is Supply Chain Management? It’s a YouTube video introducing viewers to the field of SCM. — Supply Chain Management Certificate. Describes what SCM is and offers advanced professional supply chain management certificate. 3. Go to www.agrichain–centre.com (or a similar website found when searching on New Zealand supply chain management), and discuss the current state of supply chain (or value chain) management in New Zealand. – I went to the site I didn’t see anything on the current state of supply mgmt.. 4. Search for the term bullwhip effect and write a paper on the impacts of the bullwhip effect and the companies profiled in the papers you find. IMPACTS OF THE BULLWHIP EFFECT From the case study, in the early 1990s, P&G faced a problem of extreme demands variation for its Pamper diapers. Although the purchase rate somehow remain steady at the customer end, it has been found that the variation of order rates amplify up the supply chain, from the retailer level to the distributor level. This phenomenon is called bullwhip effect, and the distorted information from one end of a supply chain to the other can lead to tremendous inefficiencies, such as excessive inventory investment, poor customer service, lost revenues, misguided capacity plans, inactive transportation, and missed production schedules. What happens when a supply chain is plagued with a bullwhip effect that distorts its demand information as it is transmitted up the chain? In the past, without being able to see the sales of its products at the distribution channel stage, HP had to rely on the sales orders from the resellers to make product forecasts, plan capacity, control inventory, and schedule production. Big variations in demand were a major problem for HP’s management. The common symptoms of such variations could be excessive inventory, poor product forecasts, insufficient or excessive capacities, poor customer service due to unavailable products or long backlogs, uncertain production planning (i.e., excessive revisions), and high costs for corrections, such as for expedited shipments and overtime. HP’s product division was a victim of order swings that were exaggerated by the resellers relative to their sales; it, in turn, created additional exaggerations of order swings to suppliers. P&G still need to be careful when use the information sharing, because it is only an initial step to reduce the bullwhip effect within a supply chain, if use it from other stages continuously will lead to other problems. For instance, the POS data for a cosmetics store of P&G is not useful for suppliers of Pamper diapers. Moreover, if P&G cannot ensure its short order lead time, information sharing could be redundant because its supply chain is not capable of capitalizing on that information. Coordination in the supply chain is the next primary technique. Besides the Vendor-Managed Inventory (VMI) which P&G has already applied, the Collaborative Planning, Forecasting, and Replenishment (CPFR) could also be used to moderate the bullwhip effect, as well as to reduce cost. Finally, the generous return policies that manufacturers offer retailers aggravate gaming. Without a penalty, retailers will continue to exaggerate their needs and cancel orders. Not surprisingly, some computer manufacturers are beginning to enforce more stringent cancellation policies. The bullwhip effect results from rational decision making by members in the supply chain. Companies can effectively counteract the effect by thoroughly understanding its underlying causes. Industry leaders like Procter & Gamble are implementing innovative strategies that pose new challenges: integrating new information systems, defining new organizational relationships, and implementing new incentive and measurement systems. The choice for companies is clear: either let the bullwhip effect paralyze you or find a way to conquer it. 5. Search on the term supply chain Management software applications, and write a paper about how companies use these to improve their financial performance. Software Application Improve Supply Chain Management Financial Performance Supply chain management software is possibly the most fractured group of software applications on the planet. Some vendors have assembled many different chunks of software together under a single roof, but no one has a complete package that is right for every company. For example, most companies need to track demand, supply, manufacturing status, logistics (i.e. where things are in the supply chain), and distribution. They also need to share data with supply chain partners at an ever increasing rate. While products from large ERP (enterprise resource planning) vendors like SAP’s Advanced Planner and Optimizer (APO) can perform many or all of these tasks, because each industry’s supply chain has a unique set of challenges, many companies decide to go with targeted best of breed products instead, even if some integration is an inevitable consequence. It’s worth mentioning that the old adage about systems only being as good as the information that they contain applies doubly to SCM. If the information entered into a demand forecasting application is not accurate, then you will get an inaccurate forecast. Similarly, if employees bypass the supply chain systems and try to manage things manually (using the fax machine or spreadsheets), then even the most expensive systems will provide an incomplete picture of what is happening in a company’s supply chain. Effective supply chain management boosts profitability by systematically reducing the overall costs associated with goods and services. Using SCM Software could increase the return on your investment by using the same principles that are used in big software companies abilities; increase quality, speed production, and reduce costs, and extending them to your supply network. You collaborate with your suppliers in real time, improving the relationships and the overall management of your supply chain. SCM software manages the entire process, from requisitioning to purchase order creation, receiving, invoice payment, and the tracking of supplier performance. It supports high-volume repetitive deliveries with supplier schedules specifying date and hour of delivery. Long term plans can be shared with suppliers allowing them to order raw materials, plan production, and arrange deliveries based on accurate, reliable data. SCM software helps to avoid the costly fines and penalties associated with defaults on regulatory compliance by maintaining the global knowledge necessary to fulfill cross-border transactions within governmental and customs regulations. Supply chain management (SCM) is the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the operations of the supply chain as efficiently as possible. Supply chain management goes into improving the way a company finds the raw components it needs to make a product or service and deliver it to customers. Using supply chain management software and tools can bring greater speed and accuracy to the way a company do business thereby saving you time and money. 6. Search on green supply chains, and write a paper regarding the global regulatory status of environmental legislation and how it is impacting supply chain management. Impact of Environmental Legislation on Supply Chain Management One of many challenges in environmental management is compliance with new environmental regulations. For instance, the EU recently requested all electrical and electronic products being exported to the region to follow the restrictions of hazardous substances (RoHS) directives in order to reduce certain substances used in products. Another regulation, waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), aims at promoting reuse, recycling, and other forms of recovery in order to reduce the waste. Those regulations presented unprecedented challenges to international supply chains. Failing to comply with the regulations could result in loss of sales and reputation. For instance, in 2001, over one million SONY Play Stations were rejected by Dutch customs for containing environmentally hazardous substances. From the perspective of supply chain management, environmental regulations impose immediate pressure on manufacturing firms from different countries along a supply chain to work together to ensure the elimination of any hazardous substances. As component suppliers revamp their products, contract manufacturers retool their manufacturing lines, and OEMs redesign many of their products. There is an unprecedented level of change in international supply chains because of this new wave of environmental movements. In the case of regulation compliance, many small manufacturers from developing countries lack the necessary experience and resources to respond to new environmental requirements imposed by downstream partners from developed countries. As developed countries move toward higher value-adding products and services, developing countries would assume a larger share of manufacturing functions in the global supply chain, thereby shouldering greater environ- mental burden. Whether supplier resistance will stymie progress toward green supply chain management is critical to compliance with environmental regulations. Currently, the practices of, and barriers to various supply chain parties to cope with environmental regulations are not fully understood. It is possible that the trend of globalization and the enforcement of regulations have increased the impact of â€Å"industry† on green manufacturing practices. More studies should be conducted to re-examine the effects of the cultural and industry factors. Effort is made to ensure the quality of this case study. For example, the study selected theoretically useful cases, used multiple investigators and respondents, conducted reliability and validity tests, collected multiple sources of evidence, and systematically searched for cross-case patterns. There are still some potential shortcomings regarding the generalization of the findings. For instance, the findings confirm the value of green partnerships but not the specific involvement of individual supply chain parties. African Journal of Business Management Vol. 5(26), pp. 10601-10614, 28 October, 2011 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJBM DOI: 10.5897/AJBM11.518 ISSN 1993-8233  ©2011 Academic Journals Lee, Hau L., V. Padmanabhan, and Seungjin Whang. â€Å"The Bullwhip Effect In Supply Chains1.† Sloan management review 38.3 (1997): 93-102. i[ii] J. D. Sterman, â€Å"Modeling managerial behavior: misperceptions of feedback in a dynamic decision making experiment,† Management Science, vol. 35, pp. 321–339, 1989. ii[iii] Lee, H.L., V. Padmanabhan, and S. Whang. â€Å"Comments on ‘Information Distortion in a Supply Chain: The Bullwhip Effect,’† Management Science, 50(12), 1887-1893, 2004. iii[iv] Wilck, Joseph H. â€Å"Managing the Bullwhip Effect.† Unpublished Ph. D. Dual Degree, Industrial Engineering and Operations Research, College of Engineering (available at< http://www. engr. psu. edu/symposium2006/papers/Session% 203D% 20-% 20Modeling% 20and% 20Engineering% 20Applications/Wilck. pdf>, accessed July 2009) (2006). iv[v] Gilbert, K. â€Å"An ARIMA Supply Chain Model,† Management Science, 51(2), 305-310, 2005. v[vi] Chopra, S. and P. Meindl. Supply Chain Management. Second Edition, Prentice Hall, 478-504, 2004. vi[vii] [4] Dejonckheere, J., S.M. Disney, M.R. Lambrecht, and D.R. Towill. â€Å"Measuring and Avoiding the Bullwhip Effect: A Control Theoretic Approach,† European Journal of Operational Research, 147, 567-590, 2003. vii[viii] Chen, Frank, et al. â€Å"Quantifying the bullwhip effect in a simple supply chain: The impact of forecasting, lead times, and information.† Management science 46.3 (2000): 436-443. 1. This initiative was engineered by Kurt Salmon Associates but propelled by executives from a group of innovative companies like Procter & Gamble and Campbell Soup Company. See: Kurt Salmon Associates, â€Å"ECR: Enhancing Consumer Value in the Grocery Industry (Washington, D.C.: report, January 1993); and F.A. Crawford, â€Å"ECR: A Mandate for Food Manufacturers?† Food Processing, volume 55, February 1994, pp. 34–42. 2. J.A. Cooke, â€Å"The $30 Billion Promise,† Traffic Management, volume 32, December 1993, pp. 57–59. 3. J. Sterman, â€Å"Modeling Managerial Behavior: Misperception of Feedback in a Dynamic Decision-Making Experiment,† Management Science, volume 35, number 3, 1989, pp. 321–339. 4. Sterman (1989); and P. Senge, The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization (New York: Doubleday/Currency, 1990). 5. For a theoretical treatment of this subject, see: H.L. Lee, P. Padmanabhan, and S. Whang, â€Å"Information Distortion in a Supply Chain: The Bullwhip Effect,† Management Science, 1997, forthcoming. 6. M. Millstein, â€Å"P&G to Restructure Logistics and Pricing,† Supermarket News, 27 June 1994, pp. 1, 49. 7. V. Carroll, H.L. Lee, and A.G. Rao, â€Å"Implications of Salesforce Productivity, Heterogeneity and Demotivation: A Navy Recruiter Case Study,† Management Science, volume 32, number 11, 1986, pp. 1371–1388. 8. Salmon (1993). 9. P. Sellers, â€Å"The Dumbest Marketing Ploy,† Fortune, volume 126, 5 October 1992, pp. 88–93. 10. P. Kotler, Marketing Management: Analysis, Planning, Implementation, and Control (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1997). 11. R.D. Buzzell, J.A. Quelch, and W.J. Salmon, â€Å"The Costly Bargain of Trade Promotion,† Harvard Business Review, volume 68, March–April 1990, pp. 141–148. 12. Sellers (1992). 13. Ibid. 14. Lee et al. (1997). 15. L. Lode, â€Å"The Role of Inventory in Delivery Time Competition,† Management Science, volume 38, number 2, 1992, pp. 182–197. 16. Personal communication with Hewlett-Packard. 17. K. Kelly, â€Å"Burned by Busy Signals: Why Motorola Ramped up Production Way Past Demand,† Business Week, 6 March 1995, p. 36. 18. Rory J. O’Connor, â€Å"Rumor Bolsters IBM Shares,† San Jose Mercury News, 8 October 1994, p. 9D. 19. M. Reid, â€Å"Change at the Check-Out,† The Economist, volume 334, 4 March 1995, pp. 3–18. 20. A. Clark and H. Scarf, â€Å"Optimal Policies for a Multi-Echelon Inventory Problem,† Management Science, volume 6, number 4, 1960, pp. 465–490. 21. E.K. Clemons and M. Row, â€Å"McKesson Drug Company — A Strategic Information System,† Journal of Management Information Systems, volume 5, Summer 1988, pp. 36–50. 22. Millstein (1994). 23. T. Smart, â€Å"Jack Welch’s Cyber-Czar,† Business Week, 5 August 1996, pp. 82–83. 24. G. Stern, â€Å"Retailers of P&G to Get New Plan on Bills, Shipment,† Wall Street Journal, 22 June 1994. 25. Reid (1995). 26. H.L. Richardson, â€Å"How Much Should You Outsource?,† Transportation and Distribution, volume 35, September 1994, pp. 61–62. 27. Z. Schiller, â€Å"Ed Artzt’s Elbow Grease Has P&G Shining,† Business Week, 10 October 1994, pp. 84–86. 28. R. Mathews, â€Å"CRP Moves Towards Reality,† Progressive Grocer, volume 73, July 1994, pp. 43–44.

Introduction. Project Management Involves Starting, Planning,

Introduction Project management involves starting, planning, acting, control and the closure of a team’s work so as to achieve specific set objectives. A project is defined as a temporary endeavour which is formulated to give birth to a unique product, service or a result which had fore-shadowed beginning and end. It is usually taken to meet specific goals and objectives which bring out added advantage (Dunne and Dunne, 2011). Financial factors During project the running of a project there are many factors that are considered during its management. Financial factors are some of the ones to be considered. Finance is the most important point for information which may be requested for by the lenders, creditors and the stockholders so as to†¦show more content†¦The budget essentially helps in determining what is to be the total expenditure, how the monies will be allocated to different parts of the project, and also help determine where the funds will come from (Lock and Scott, 2013). This early and systematic financial planning helps in making sure there is no misappropriation of funds. It also ensures that whatever was planned for is what is incurred and ensure no extra funding will arise in the middle of the project which would be a big problem. The factors are also important as they help to determine if the project will yield the expected returns in both the short-term and long-term. Commercial factors These are factors that lead to making of profit. During the inception of the project the organization always has one of its objectives or goals as increase in returns. In the most cases when an organization incepts a new project, its ultimate goal is to increase on the returns after the project is successfully initiated (Melton and Iles-Smith, 2009). The factors here include social, legal, economic and also political. Legal factor is the one which requires the organization to work under certain jurisdictions. 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